C

.C file, 4

.cc file, 4

.cpp file, 4

.cp file, 4

C library header, 91

C-style cast, 164

C-style string, 114, 122, 122–123, 131

• buffer overflow, 123

• initialization, 122

• parameter, 216

• string, 124

c_str, 124

call by reference, 208, 210, 251

call by value, 209, 251

• uses copy constructor, 498

• uses move constructor, 539

call signature, 576, 590

callable object, 388, 417, 571–572

• absInt, 571

• bind, 397

• call signature, 576

• function and function pointers, 388

• function objects, 572

• pointer to member

• and bind, 843

• and function, 842

• and mem_fn, 843

• not callable, 842

• PrintString, 571

• ShorterString, 573

• SizeComp, 573

• with function, 576–579

• with algorithms, 390

candidate function, 243, 251

• see alsofunction matching

• function template, 695

• namespace, 800

• overloaded operator, 587

capacity

• string, 356

• StrVec, 526

• vector, 356

capture list, seelambda expression

case label, 179, 179–182, 199

• default, 181

• constant expression, 179

case sensitive, string, 365

cassert header, 241

cast, see alsonamed cast, 168

• checked, seedynamic_cast

• old-style, 164

• to rvalue reference, 691

catch, 193, 195, 199, 775, 816

• catch(...), 777, 816

• exception declaration, 195, 200, 775, 816

• exception object, 775

• matching, 776

• ordering of, 776

• runtime_error, 195

catch all (catch(...)), 777, 816

caution

• ambiguous conversion operator, 581

• conversions to unsigned, 37

• dynamic memory pitfalls, 462

• exception safety, 196

• IO buffers, 315

• overflow, 140

• overloaded operator misuse, 555

• overloaded operators and conversion operators, 586

• smart pointer, pitfalls, 469

• uninitialized variables, 45

• using directives cause pollution, 795

cbegin

• auto, 109, 379

• decltype, 109, 379

• container, 109, 333, 334, 372

cctype

• functions, 91–93

• header, 91

cend

• auto, 109, 379

• decltype, 109, 379

• container, 109, 333, 334, 372

cerr, 6, 26

chained input, 8

chained output, 7

char, 32

• signed, 34

• unsigned, 34

• array initialization, 114

• literal, 39

• representation, 34

char16_t, 33

char32_t, 33

character

• newline (\n), 39

• nonprintable, 39, 79

• null (\0), 39

• tab (\t), 39

character string literal, seestring literal

check

• StrBlob, 457

• StrBlobPtr, 474

check_size, 398

• bind, 398

checked cast, seedynamic_cast

children’s story program, 383–391

chk_n_alloc, StrVec, 526

cin, 6, 26

• tied to cout, 315

cl, 5

class, 19, 26, 72, 305

• see alsoconstructor

• see alsodestructor

• see alsomember function

• see alsostatic member

• access specifier, 268

• default, 268

• private, 268, 306

• public, 268, 306

• aggregate, 298, 305

• assignment operator

• seecopy assignment

• seemove assignment

• base, seebase class, 649

• data member, 73, 78

• const vs. mutable, 274

• const, initialization, 289

• in-class initializer, 274

• initialization, 263, 274

• must be complete type, 279

• mutable, 274, 306

• order of destruction, 502

• order of initialization, 289

• pointer, not deleted, 503

• reference, initialization, 289

• sizeof, 157

• declaration, 278, 305

• default inheritance specifier, 616

• definition, 72, 256–267

• ends with semicolon, 73

• derived, seederived class, 649

• exception, 193, 200

• final specifier, 600

• forward declaration, 279, 306

• friend, 269, 280

• class, 280

• function, 269

• member function, 280

• overloaded function, 281

• scope, 270, 281

• template class or function, 664

• implementation, 254

• interface, 254

• literal, 299

• local, seelocal class

• member, 73, 78

• member access, 282

• member new and delete, 822

• member:constant expression, seebit-field

• multiple base classes, seemultiple inheritance

• name lookup, 284

• nested, seenested class

• pointer to member, seepointer to member

• preventing copies, 507

• scope, 73, 282, 282–287, 305

• synthesized, copy control, 267, 497, 500, 503, 537

• template member, seemember template

• type member, 271

• :: (scope operator), 282

• user of, 255

• valuelike, 512

• without move constructor, 540

class

• compared to typename, 654

• default access specifier, 268

• default inheritance specifier, 616

• template parameter, 654

class derivation list, 596

• access control, 612

• default access specifier, 616

• direct base class, 600

• indirect base class, 600

• multiple inheritance, 803

• virtual base class, 812

class template, 96, 131, 658, 659, 658–667, 713

• see alsotemplate parameter

• see alsoinstantiation

• Blob, 659

• declaration, 669

• default template argument, 671

• definition, 659

• error detection, 657

• explicit instantiation, 675, 675–676

• explicit template argument, 660

• friend, 664

• all instantiations, 665

• declaration dependencies, 665

• same instantiation, 664

• specific instantiation, 665

• instantiation, 660

• member function

• defined outside class body, 661

• instantiation, 663

• member template, seemember template

• specialization, 707, 709–712, 714

• hash<key_type>, 709, 788

• member, 711

• namespace, 788

• partial, 711, 714

• static member, 667

• accessed through an instantiation, 667

• definition, 667

• template argument, 660

• template parameter, used in definition, 660

• type parameter as friend, 666

• type-dependent code, 658

class type, 19, 26

• conversion, 162, 305, 590

• ambiguities, 587

• conversion operator, 579

• converting constructor, 294

• impact on function matching, 584

• overloaded function, 586

• with standard conversion, 581

• default initialization, 44

• initialization, 73, 84, 262

• union member of, 848

• variable vs. function declaration, 294

clear

• sequential container, 350

• stream, 313

clog, 6, 26

close, file stream, 318

cmatch, 733

cmath header, 751, 757

collapsing rule, reference, 688

combine, Sales_data, 259

comma (,) operator, 157

comment, 9, 26

• block (/* */), 9, 26

• single-line (//), 9, 26

compare

• default template argument, 670

• function template, 652

• default template argument, 670

• explicit template argument, 683

• specialization, 706

• string literal version, 654

• template argument deduction, 680

• string, 366

compareIsbn

• and associative container, 426

• Sales_data, 387

compilation

• common errors, 16

• compiler options, 207

• conditional, 240

• declaration vs. definition, 44

• mixing C and C++, 860

• needed when class changes, 270

• templates, 656

• error detection, 657

• explicit instantiation, 675–676

compiler

• extension, 114, 131

• GNU, 5

• Microsoft, 5

• options for separate compilation, 207

composition vs. inheritance, 637

compound assignment (e.g., +=)

• arithmetic operators, 147

• bitwise operators, 147

compound expression, seeexpression

compound statement, 173, 199

compound type, 50, 50–58, 78

• array, 113

• declaration style, 57

• understanding complicated declarations, 115

concatenation

• string, 89

• string literal, 39

condition, 12, 26

• = (assignment) in, 146

• conversion, 159

• do while statement, 189

• for statement, 13, 185

• if statement, 18, 175

• in IO expression, 156

• logical operators, 141

• smart pointer as, 451

• stream type as, 15, 162, 312

• while statement, 12, 183

condition state, IO classes, 312, 324

conditional compilation, 240

conditional operator (?:), 151

connection, 468

console window, 6

const, 59, 78

• and typedef, 68

• conversion, 162

• template argument deduction, 679

• dynamically allocated

• destruction, 461

• initialization, 460

• initialization, 59

• class type object, 262

• low-level const, 64

• argument and parameter, 213

• conversion from, 163

• conversion to, 162

• overloaded function, 232

• template argument deduction, 693

• member function, 258, 305

• () (call operator), 573

• not constructors, 262

• overloaded function, 276

• reference return, 276

• parameter, 212

• function matching, 246

• overloaded function, 232

• pointer, 63, 78

• pointer to, 62, 79

• conversion from nonconst, 162

• initialization from nonconst, 62

• overloaded parameter, 232

• reference, seereference to const

• top-level const, 64

• and auto, 69

• argument and parameter, 212

• decltype, 71

• parameter, 232

• template argument deduction, 679

• variable, 59

• declared in header files, 76

• extern, 60

• local to file, 60

const_cast, 163, 163

const_iterator, container, 108, 332

const_reference, container, 333

const_reverse_iterator, container, 332, 407

constant expression, 65, 78

• array dimension, 113

• bit-field, 854

• case label, 179

• enumerator, 833

• integral, 65

• nontype template parameter, 655

• sizeof, 156

• static data member, 303

constexpr, 66, 78

• constructor, 299

• declared in header files, 76

• function, 239, 251

• nonconstant return value, 239

• function template, 655

• pointer, 67

• variable, 66

construct

• allocator, 482

• forwards to constructor, 527

constructor, 262, 264, 262–266, 305

• see alsodefault constructor

• see alsocopy constructor

• see alsomove constructor

• calls to virtual function, 627

• constexpr, 299

• converting, 294, 305

• function matching, 585

• Sales_data, 295

• with standard conversion, 580

• default argument, 290

• delegating, 291, 306

• derived class, 598

• initializes direct base class, 610

• initializes virtual base, 813

• explicit, 296, 306

• function try block, 778, 817

• inherited, 628

• initializer list, 265, 288–292, 305

• class member initialization, 274

• compared to assignment, 288

• derived class, 598

• function try block, 778, 817

• sometimes required, 288

• virtual base class, 814

• initializer_list parameter, 662

• not const, 262

• order of initialization, 289

• derived class object, 598, 623

• multiple inheritance, 804

• virtual base classes, 814

• overloaded, 262

• StrBlob, 456

• StrBlobPtr, 474

• TextQuery, 488

• Blob, 662

• initializer_list, 662

• iterator parmeters, 673

• Bulk_quote, 598, 610

• Disc_quote, 609

• Sales_data, 264–266

container, 96, 131, 326, 372

• see alsosequential container

• see alsoassociative container

• adaptor, 368, 368–371

• equality and relational operators, 370

• initialization, 369

• requirements on container, 369

• and inheritance, 630

• as element type, 97, 329

• associative, 420, 447

• copy initialization, 334

• element type constraints, 329, 341

• elements and destructor, 502

• elements are copies, 342

• initialization from iterator range, 335

• list initialization, 336

• members

• see alsoiterator

• = (assignment), 337

• == (equality), 341

• != (inequality), 341

• begin, 106, 333, 372

• cbegin, 109, 333, 334, 372

• cend, 109, 333, 334, 372

• const_iterator, 108, 332

• const_reference, 333

• const_reverse_iterator, 332, 407

• crbegin, 333

• crend, 333

• difference_type, 131, 332

• empty, 87, 102, 131, 340

• end, 106, 131, 333, 373

• equality and relational operators, 88, 102, 340

• iterator, 108, 332

• rbegin, 333, 407

• reference, 333

• relational operators, 341

• rend, 333, 407

• reverse_iterator, 332, 407

• size, 88, 102, 132, 340

• size_type, 88, 102, 132, 332

• swap, 339

• move operations, 529

• moved-from object is valid but unspecified, 537

• nonmember swap, 339

• of container, 97, 329

• overview, 328

• sequential, 326, 373

• type members, :: (scope operator), 333

continue statement, 191, 199

control, flow of, 11, 172, 200

conversion, 78, 159, 168

• = (assignment), 145, 159

• ambiguous, 583–589

• argument, 203

• arithmetic, 35, 159, 168

• array to pointer, 117

• argument, 214

• exception object, 774

• multidimensional array, 128

• template argument deduction, 679

• base-to-derived, not automatic, 602

• bool, 35

• class type, 162, 294, 305, 590

• ambiguities, 587

• conversion operator, 579

• function matching, 584, 586

• with standard conversion, 581

• condition, 159

• derived-to-base, 597, 649

• accessibility, 613

• key concepts, 604

• shared_ptr, 630

• floating-point, 35

• function to pointer, 248

• exception object, 774

• template argument deduction, 679

• integral promotion, 160, 169

• istream, 162

• multiple inheritance, 805

• ambiguous, 806

• narrowing, 43

• operand, 159

• pointer to bool, 162

• rank, 245

• return value, 223

• Sales_data, 295

• signed type, 160

• signed to unsigned, 34

• to const, 162

• from pointer to nonconst, 62

• from reference to nonconst, 61

• template argument deduction, 679

• unscoped enumeration to integer, 834

• unsigned, 36

• virtual base class, 812

conversion operator, 580, 580–587, 590

• design, 581

• explicit, 582, 590

• bool, 583

• function matching, 585, 586

• SmallInt, 580

• used implicitly, 580

• with standard conversion, 580

converting constructor, 294, 305

• function matching, 585

• with standard conversion, 580

_copy algorithms, 383, 414

copy, 382, 874

copy and swap assignment, 518

• move assignment, 540

• self-assignment, 519

copy assignment, 500–501, 549

• = default, 506

• = delete, 507

• base from derived, 603

• copy and swap, 518, 549

• derived class, 626

HasPtr

• reference counted, 516

• valuelike, 512

• memberwise, 500

• Message, 523

• preventing copies, 507

• private, 509

• reference count, 514

• rule of three/five, 505

• virtual destructor exception, 622

• self-assignment, 512

• StrVec, 528

• synthesized, 500, 550

• deleted function, 508, 624

• derived class, 623

• multiple inheritance, 805

• union with class type member, 852

• valuelike class, 512

copy constructor, 496, 496–499, 549

• = default, 506

• = delete, 507

• base from derived, 603

• derived class, 626

HasPtr

• reference counted, 515

• valuelike, 512

• memberwise, 497

• Message, 522

• parameter, 496

• preventing copies, 507

• private, 509

• reference count, 514

• rule of three/five, 505

• virtual destructor exception, 622

• StrVec, 528

• synthesized, 497, 550

• deleted function, 508, 624

• derived class, 623

• multiple inheritance, 805

• union with class type member, 851

• used for copy-initialization, 498

copy control, 267, 496, 549

• = delete, 507–508

• inheritance, 623–629

• memberwise, 267, 550

• copy assignment, 500

• copy constructor, 497

• move assignment, 538

• move constructor, 538

• multiple inheritance, 805

• synthesized, 267

• as deleted function, 508

• as deleted in derived class, 624

• move operations as deleted function, 538

• unions, 849

• virtual base class, synthesized, 815

copy initialization, 84, 131, 497, 497–499, 549

• array, 337

• container, 334

• container elements, 342

• explicit constructor, 498

• invalid for arrays, 114

• move vs. copy, 539

• parameter and return value, 498

• uses copy constructor, 497

• uses move constructor, 541

copy_backward, 875

copy_if, 874

copy_n, 874

copyUnion, Token, 851

count, reference, 550

count

• algorithm, 378, 871

• associative container, 437, 438

• bitset, 727

count_calls, program, 206

count_if, 871

cout, 6, 26

• tied to cin, 315

cplusplus_primer, namespace, 787

crbegin, container, 333

cref, binds reference parameter, 400, 417

cregex_iterator, 733, 769

crend, container, 333

cstddef header, 116, 120

cstdlib header, 54, 227, 778, 823

cstring

• functions, 122–123

• header, 122

csub_match, 733, 769

ctime header, 749

curly brace, 2, 26